2013
The Hallmarks of Aging
A landmark review that defines nine interconnected hallmarks of aging (genomic instability, telomere attrition, epigenetic alterations, loss of proteostasis, deregulated nutrient sensing, mitochondrial dysfunction, cellular senescence, stem cell exhaustion, altered intercellular communication), giving the field a shared framework for thinking about where interventions might slow aging.
Source: NIH PubMed — View Study →
2014
NAD+ and Sirtuins in Aging and Disease
Reviews the biology of NAD+ as a coenzyme for sirtuin enzymes and lays out why declining NAD+ levels during aging are implicated in mitochondrial dysfunction, metabolic disease, and neurodegeneration — the mechanistic rationale behind NAD+ restoration therapies.
Source: NIH PubMed — View Study →
2010
Telomeres and Telomerase in Aging and Cancer (Nobel Lecture Review)
Carol Greider and Elizabeth Blackburn's Nobel-associated review of how telomere shortening limits replicative cell divisions and contributes to tissue aging, and how this same mechanism is co-opted in cancer — foundational citation for any piece on cellular aging.
Source: NIH PubMed — View Study →
2011
Caloric Restriction and Aging: Human Findings and Translation
Reviews caloric restriction evidence across species and translates the findings to humans, including reduced metabolic adaptation and lowered inflammatory markers — useful citation for articles on fasting, caloric restriction, and metabolic aging.
Source: NIH PubMed — View Study →
2009
Rapamycin Fed Late in Life Extends Lifespan in Genetically Heterogeneous Mice
Harrison et al. demonstrate that intermittent rapamycin treatment started late in life extends median and maximum lifespan in heterogeneous mice — the most-cited mammalian proof that pharmacological mTOR inhibition can extend lifespan.
Source: NIH PubMed — View Study →
2018
Exercise Is the Real Polypill
Reviews evidence that regular physical activity simultaneously targets most of the hallmarks of aging — mitochondrial biogenesis, inflammation, insulin sensitivity, telomere maintenance, and cognition — and argues exercise is among the most evidence-backed interventions for healthy aging.
Source: NIH PubMed — View Study →
2020
Hyperbaric Oxygen Therapy for Healthy Aging: Telomere Elongation and Senescent Cell Reduction in Adults 64 and Older
Hachmo et al. report that a course of hyperbaric oxygen therapy in healthy older adults lengthened telomeres and decreased senescent cell populations — a frequently cited human study in the field of HBOT and cellular aging.
Source: NIH PubMed — View Study →
2021
Continuous Glucose Monitoring and Glycemic Variability as Aging Biomarkers
Reviews how continuous glucose monitoring captures fluctuations and spikes that traditional HbA1c misses, and how glycemic variability is increasingly treated as an independent driver of oxidative stress and biological aging.
Source: NIH PubMed — View Study →